Azure Cloud Database for Web Apps with Django

Django honeyspot is a security feature in Django, which is a Python-based web framework. 
The honeyspot feature is designed to protect web forms against spam and automated attacks 
by creating a "honeypot" field that is invisible to human users but visible to bots. Bots 
that try to fill out the honeypot field are considered to be spam and their submissions are rejected.

Writing Django Apps

    Django framework : an external library & framework for server-side code. Includes 
    an ORM for database interaction.

    Apps written in Django:
        Coursera (originally, now Scala+Play)
        Instagram
        Pinterest (originally, now Flask)
        Eventbrite

    Django web app structure - a collection of "apps" that each have their own models, 
    views, and templates. Each app has its own folder. In this app, we have a single 
    app called "restaurant_review": models.py, urls.py, views.py, admin.py

    Django ORM
        Define models (models.py):
            class Restaurant(models.Model):
                name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
       
        Query models (views.py):
            def details(request, id):
                restaurant = get_object_or_404(Restaurant, pk=id)
       
        Insert models (views.py):
            restaurant = Restaurant()
            restaurant.name = name
            Restaurant.save(restaurant)

    Configuring Django ORM  (settings.py)
        DATABASES = {
            'default': {
                'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql',
                'NAME': os.environ.get('DBNAME'),
                ...
            }
        }

    Check SQLTools Local Database (Make sure that .vscode/settings.json show match exactly 
    like .env to connect local db)
    
    Running a Django app
        python3 -m pip install -r requirements.txt
        Run DB migrations: python3 manage.py migrate
        Run the local server: python3 manage.py runserver
        Create Admin account,open a new terminal: python3 manage.py createsuperuser
            Admin : https://mkader-...preview.app.github.dev/admin

Hosting Django apps on Azure

Azure App Service has special code to handle Django apps. Let's use that!

App Service + PostgreSQL inside VNet (Virtua Network) (App inside VNet with Postgres)
   
   Put both the progress server and the web app inside the virtual net, give the postgres 
   service (called a private DNS Zone) that enables the web app to talk to it. 

   Give each of them their own subnet inside the v-net.
   
   This is roughly going to set up, this is a little complicated

Ways to deploy multiple resources on Azure
    Azure Portal (Web App + DB Template)
    Azure CLI script
    Azure Developer CLI (azd) 

    "RUN curl -fsSL https://aka.ms/install-azd.sh | bash"
    "-fsSL" are command-line options for curl:
        "-f" option means to fail silently on server errors.
        "-s" option means to mute the output and only display errors.
        "-S" option means to show errors if they occur.
        "-L" option means to follow redirects if any.
    "|" (pipe) is a cmd-line operator,redirects the o/p of the cmd on the left to 
        the i/p of the cmd on the right.
    "bash" is a cmd-line interpreter used to execute the script that installs the Azure CLI.

    The cmd downloads the script that installs the Azure CLI and executes it in the 
    Docker container during the build process.

Azure Developer CLI (azd): This new CLI tool helps with all steps of the dev cycle:
    Step	        Command
    Provisioning	azd provision
    Deploying code	azd deploy
    ⬆️ Both	        azd up
    CI/CD	        azd pipeline config
    Monitoring	    azd monitor

Components of an azd project
    infra/	    Contains all the infra in Bicep or Terraform files
    azure.yaml	Specifies what code to deploy to which resource
    .github/	Contains CI/CD workflow for deploying

    https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/developer/azure-developer-cli/make-azd-compatible?pivots=azd-convert

azd up: First provisions, then deploys. Only re-provisions when Bicep resource 
        definitions have changed.

The Bicep language: is an infrastructure-as-code (IAC) language, similar to Terraform 
but designed for Azure. Bicep declaratively defines Azure cloud resources. Install the 
Bicep extension for VS Code to write bicep files.
    
https://azure.github.io/awesome-azd/

https://mattruma.com/cheat-sheet-azure-cli/

http://blog.pamelafox.org/

https://pamelafox.github.io/my-py-talks/pyday-databases/#/38

https://github.com/Azure-Samples - use lab.

Terminal, type:
    azd
    azd auth login
    azd up

Only code changes, not infra, just deploy : azd deploy

Configures the secrets for .github/workflow/azure-dev.yaml, a Github workflow that provisions and deploys: azd pipeline config

No longer need the resources, delete them (everything in the resource group: azd down

Django + App Service (No VNet) : https://github.com/pamelafox/django-quiz-app Uses firewall rules to limit access to the server to only Azure IPs, and stores password in key vault. Architecture diagram: Azure Web App, PostgreSQL server, Key Vault

Django + App Service + Redis : github.com/pamelafox/cookiecutter-django-output Uses Redis as backend for cache and Celery, plus Azure storage for static assets and media uploads. Architecture diagram: Azure Web App, PostgreSQL server, Redis, Storage

Django + App Service + Storage: github.com/tonybaloney/django-on-azure
Uses Azure storage containers for static assets and media uploads, plus Azure Monitor and Azure Load Testing. Architecture diagram: Azure Web App, PostgreSQL server, VNet, Storage, Load Testing

Django + Azure Container Apps: github.com/Azure-Samples/azure-django-postgres-aca Deploys a containerized version of the previous app. Architecture diagram: Azure Container Apps, Postgres